Showing posts with label Miller. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Miller. Show all posts

Friday, 28 August 2015

Pruning: Learning

'Genius will live and thrive without training, but it does not the less reward the watering pot and the pruning knife.'
Natural talent will develop without formal training, but will none the less benefit from cultivation and focus. 
 


Francis Bacon (1597, 1625) discussed 'proyning, by study' in his essay  Of Studies :
'They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.'
Francis Bacon, (1625) The Essays or Counsels, Civil and Moral, of Francis Ld. Verulam Viscount St. Albans
  
Miller (1995) discusses Bacon's 'pruning by study' as 'self-cultivation':

'Pruning a "natural plant" directs the plant's growth by blocking the wasteful or inefficient use of its resources in order that they may be expended, and the plant expanded, in a narrower yet more fruitful direction.'

Friday, 3 April 2015

On Writing & Finishing

Erica Jong (2002, p.12) said, in conversation with Mary Jane Fortunato in 1973, the following: 

'I went for years not finishing anything. Because of course when you finish something you can be judged.'

I wonder if this is why I am reluctant to finish my novel. Even though I have finished the story of it I haven't finished the writing, I got a great sense of achievement in finishing in one sense but have a great sense of foreboding in finishing in the final sense. Perhaps this is why, 

Of course there are so many other reasons not to finish from laziness to loss of motivation. Henry Miller recognised some of these barriers to finishing and wrote himself a Work Schedule for 1931-1932 and a set of 11 Commandments. Miller (1931, p.161)  tells himself:

'Work at one thing at a time until finished.'

He knew all the problems with this, also advising the writer not to start anything new or think of anything but the book that is being written, to stick with the plan, to put the effort in, to edit and that if the plan goes out the window today to come back to it tomorrow.


He says to:

'Concentrate. Narrow down. Exclude'


He tells the writer (including himself) to let nothing get in the way of writing, not art or entertainment or relationships, to:

'Write first and always.'

I think of all the barriers to finishing, from time constraints to fear of judgement. They can all be dealt with one by one but like bricks in a wall are hard to tackle together. They are the whole which is more than the sum of the parts.


Jong, E. (2002) Conversations with Erica Jong, Ed. Templin, C., University Press of Mississippi
Miller, H. (1932, 1964) Henry Miller On Writing , Ed. Moore, T.H., New Directions Paperbook, New York

Thursday, 19 February 2015

Reflection on Reading

Having just finished The Year of Reading Dangerously by Andy Miller, and how 50 Books changed his life as a person and as a writer, I considered the books I have read recently and their influence on me. If as Stephen King says, in reading books we find the tools for writing, then I should be a better writer the more I read.
Page Opened at Random in To The Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf
With this in mind below is a list of what I have been reading (and why) since September when I started this blog. As Miller and Stephen King contend, this should influence my life and what I write. This can most obviously be seen in this post, and anywhere I have mentioned the books below, but I wonder how much of what I've written has been influenced in subtle ways I don't realise.

52 Quotes List of Books:

1.  Rebecca by Daphne Du Maurier. This was a Book Club book. I'd joined the book group to keep in touch with a friend and to push myself into reading books I wouldn't read otherwise. However this was a book I'd read years ago and I'd also seen the 1940's film with Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine. Even so, I'd completely forgotten the plot (a gift of mine which means I can enjoy again and again) and only remembered the haunting atmosphere created in both book and film. It has one of my favourite openings of all time, which encompasses the whole trial of what is to come in the rest of the book.  'Last night I dreamt I went to Manderley again' hints at a momentous time in our heroines life but it is only if we read on we find out why.

2.  Make Good Art by Neil Gaiman. This was a lecture Gaiman gave to students at Philadelphia's University of the Arts in 2012. This book is innovatively illustrated by the graphic artist Chip Kidd, with a play on words and typography throughout. In it he tells us: 'Go and make interesting mistakes, make amazing mistakes, make glorious and fantastic mistakes. Break rules. Leave the world more interesting for your being here.' More on Gaiman and mistakes in 10 Reasons We Should Make Mistakes. A thoroughly inspiring speech and book for anyone trying to 'make good art', or just anyone.

3. Stephen Fry, Selection of Anton Chekov's Short Stories  Recommended by L, a friend of mine, I have tried to read Chekov before and never quite grasped the tone until listening to Stephen Fry. It was a pleasure and delight and I laughed at the brilliantly painted scenes and dialogue which came to life with Fry's voice and vitality.

4. Life after Life by Kate Atkinson. This was another Book Club book, with an interesting premise of following the lifes and deaths of Ursula, and the many variations of lives lived. It reminded me of Schrödinger’s Cat, and how we the readers get to look inside the box. It also prompted a friend to recommend The First 15 Lives of Harry August by Claire North, which I read later and comment on below.

5. & 6. Out of the Ashes and Adolphus Tips by Michael Murporgo, were books we had in our centre library and ones which I thought short enough not to put off a young person into her first foray into personal reading. When I suggested, as part of her alternative curriculum, that we read a book, M asked me why. Yesterday,  having read a number of books, M wanted to know when we were reading the next, she was looking forward to it!

7. Regeneration by Pat Barker. This book was chosen as the book to read, by the library community book group, for around the time of Remembrance Day. The book was memorable, as an exploration of the mental battles soldiers and doctors fought in and out of the trenches of the first world war. The psychological effects of warfare are treated in a hospital, using methods from counselling to electroshock therapy, all in an effort to get the men back in the trenches. It reminded me of Catch 22 by Joseph Heller. Catch-22 told the story of how those who were proven to be insane were relieved of duty. The idea was that you would have to be mad to constantly fly into almost certain death, over and over again, but if you asked to be relieved of that duty, that would prove you sane, so hence the term 'catch-22' - there was no getting out of it. Another story about the insanity of war.

8. The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas by John Boyne. This was another book in our young person's book club. I chose it because, like the other two books, it was first person narrative, which M was able to identify with. I had to cover the book so that the cover picture would not give away the plot and so that M's reading wouldn't be ruined by spoilers because people would be familiar with the name of the book. For some time M just called the book, the yellow book, because of its yellow cover. Usually I am not so cautious but I had seen Of Mice and Men spoiled for M at school and didn't want to take any chances.  This was the first book M could not put down.

9. Maggot Moon by Sally Gardner. I chose this book as research for my main character in my novel. I needed to figure out his age and the appropriate first person narration for that age. Moon boy was far too young which I was glad of as I had been afraid my character seemed young, but was reassured. The story itself had a great worldview, reminding me of a children's version of 1984 by George Orwell, and had a great version of moon-landing propaganda. This was also the beginning of my training in listening to an audio version of a book. I'd not quite got the hang of it before and I wanted to try again.

10. Wonder by  RJ Palacio. This was another research book for my novel, but again the narrator, aged ten was too young. What was especially interesting though was that we didn't just get the experience of the central character August and what it was like to negotiate a new school life with a facial disfigurement but we also got that story narrated from the points of view of the other people in his life, giving the novel layers, multiple perspectives and a depth of understanding of life which is normally impossible from just the one point of view. What also added texture to the audio narration was the different voices for the different characters. I was finally getting the hang of audio books.

11. On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft by Stephen King. This I read for obvious reasons. And I read it and didn't listen to it. Mainly because I bought it last year in the New York City Library (I even got it stamped!) and had bought it for the motivation and inspiration I knew I needed for my next stage as a writer.  Yesterday's Fear was a post where I describe some inspiration I got from the book. However, the best lesson I got from reading the book was that there is time to write. If someone could write between the wash cycles of an industrial laundromat I certainly can find time to write.

12. 1984 by George Orwell. I read this years ago in my final years at school, probably even in 1984. I wanted to revisit it, after reading Maggot Moon and also as research for the alternative worldview of my novel, to check what I was missing. I decided this time to listen to it, trying to train myself to be able to listen/read at times when I usually wouldn't be able to pick up a book, like walking to work, shopping, cleaning. I was amazed by how much time I could reclaim for reading. A brilliant revelation. Room 101: We Are Our Greatest Fear is a post based on what I read, but it really only barely scratched the surface of what I learned every time I've read it. Still what resonates with me is how words hold power, how they mould thought and control the masses in a sort of mind control of our own making.

13. & 14. & 15. Divergent, Insurgent, and Allegiant  the trilogy by Veronica Roth, was again reading for YA research. I'd seen Divergent, the film and liked the main character Tris and the way the world was split into factions, different groups promoting the skills and characteristics of five virtues: selflessness, peacefulness, bravery, honesty and intelligence. This was again a first person narrative and from the perspective of a 16 year old Tris (a similar age to my main character) who has to chose her path in life and finds it to be divergent. I listened to all three books, read by Emma Galvin as Tris and was able to move the speed of narration from 2.5 of the previous book to 3. I was reading now all the time and getting through books in no time.

16. The Children Act written by Ian Mc Ewan, read by Lindsay Duncan. A brilliant book, brilliantly read by Lindsay Duncan (who years ago, when my partner briefly dipped his toe in the shallow and unprofitable end of script-writing, played a part in a short film he wrote, called Late at the Office). The Children Act is something I'm familiar with from a legal perspective as I work with children and young people and much of what McEwan had to say really hit home with me. The Cement Garden and On Chesil Beach came to mind at times reading this book, not least because they are other great stories from McEwan but they spark moral dilemmas and raise questions about what it means to be a man, woman or child trying to find our ways in the world in our intricate networks of people, situations and feelings, and the sometimes slow, sometimed fast, domino fall of consequence.

17. Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close by Jonathan Safran Foer.  I began listening to this and loving Oskar as a character, laughing out loud, as he described his encounter with his jujitsu teacher and was really excited to get to know this character. Slowly but surely, the book sucked the life and joy out of Oskar and made him into a caricature, nothing like a real 9 year old. I watched the film to see if I'd missed something, but the film made the Oskar character even more unlikeable. I was disappointed, he was not believable, the other characters all seemed more realistic than Oscar, so I lost faith in his truth and in the end only believed them.

18. The First Fifteen Lives of Harry August by Claire North. This book had some interesting concepts and time-travel themes. It set the scene and set out the rules at the start, and went headlong into a battery of lives and life and world events and then faded a bit in the middle, with a barrage of more of the same and constant digressions but picked up again at the end. It seemed to come together with the plot of the Cronos Club, which without would have been just a string of lives and deaths. But it did come to a satisfactory ending and was worth sticking with.


I wonder what my reading says about me. Or more importantly I wonder what my writing says about my reading. I have certainly learned more than I've read. In the end I can't say how much I have been influenced by what I've read, as my very thinking, language and writing of it will be shaped in ways I cannot separate from my thinking, language and writing. When I reflect on my reflection its no longer the same relection. Its like holding a mirror and seeing the opposite. Its not me, just me looking at me.

Monday, 16 February 2015

We Are Our Book Shelves

'If you don't have time to read 
you don't have time (or tools) to write.'
On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft by Stephen King

The Year of Reading Dangerously by Andy Miller gives a great insight into the reading practice of a writer who writes about it. The title The Year of Reading Dangerously: How Fifty Great Books (and Two Not-So-Great Ones) Saved My Life tells the tale.

Andy Miller, in his late thirties, in an effort to reclaim his identity as a reader (in something akin to a pre-mid-life crisis), decides to go on a journey of self-betterment by reading 50 books in a year.

I loved the idea immediately, not surprising considering my own challenge which I've set myself to explore my life and learning in 52 quotes over a year. However what it reminded me of mostly, was my 25th birthday. I remember at the ripe old age of 24, when my daughter was a toddler, being ashamed of how little I'd read since school and feeling a sense of disappointment in myself for not being the kind of reader I wanted to be.

On my 25th birthday my partner gave me 25 books. They were mostly secondhand, as we had little money but every single one had a slip of paper in it to tell me why it was chosen. There were old classics, some were books I said I wanted to read and others were ones which were books 'one should read'.  I can't remember if I read them all but I still open a book now and then and find one of those slips of paper reminding me of one of the best presents I've ever got.


 “As Schopenhauer noted a hundred and fifty years ago, 
‘It would be a good thing to buy books if one could also buy the time to read them; but one usually confuses the purchase of books with the acquisition of their contents.” 
Andy Miller 

I think of all the books I have either got as presents or bought and which still sit, unread on my bookshelf. I think I can at least try to find all the books on my 25th birthday list and check I've read them. I wonder if my life would have been any different, like Miller's, if I had.

Thursday, 15 January 2015

How to Use Your Brain: Life Long Learning

Learning and Memory


Graffiti by Paula Delfin
'Learning is how you acquire new information about the world, and memory is how you store that information over time,' according to Eric Kandel, of the Dana Institute in Staying Sharp: Learning as We Age, 'There is no memory without learning, but there is learning without memory, you can learn things and forget them immediately' (p.5). The same way you can remember a phone number just long enough to key it in.

Our thoughts, senses and actions are 'patterns of electrical and chemical signals travelling between nerve cells' in our brains (p.6). To make learning and memories stick we rehearse and reinforce the use of certain patterns. The more we repeatedly use certain pathways the more automatic the retrieval of the data at the end.

Short term memory only hold 7 (plus or minus 2) items according to Miller (1956) so if we want learning to transfer to the long term memory we have to do something about it.

 

How to Keep  Sharp* 


Stimulating Mental Exercise (p.8)
Continued Learning (p.8)
Self Efficacy (p.8)
Social Interaction (p.8)
Aerobic Exercise (p. 10-11)
Stay Positive (p. 19-20)
Manage Stress (*p.20) 

 

Learning Changes the Brain*


The brain is moulded by learning. It evolves physically creating new and strengthening old connections and cells.

'About a fifth of 70-year-olds perform as well on cognitive tests as 20-year-olds do on average'
 (Dana Institute, p.12).

Minding Your Memory*

  1. Pay Attention
  2. Stay Focused
  3. Repeat it
  4. Write it down
  5. Visualise it
  6. Make associations
  7. Stay organised
  8. Plan and Prioritise (p. 14)

 

8 Healthy Habits that Boost Your Brain (according to Reader's Digest)


  • Learn New Things (boosts memory)
  • Play Games (brain teasers with planning and strategising to improve memory)
  • Manage Stress (cortisol created can damage short term memory)
  • Include Resveratrol in Diet (found in blueberries, red wine & dark chocolate)
  • Cut Down on Sugar (lower sugar levels = better performance)
  • Sleep (helps memory)
  • Taking ibuprofen may help (for inflammation)
  • Exercise (some helps verbal and some spatial skills)

 

Other Useful Articles/Links:


 How to Improve Your Memory by HelpGuide.org

References




Miller, G. (1956) 'The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on our Capacity for Processing Information', The Psychological Review, 63, 81-97